Database Management Basics

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Database management is the system for managing information that supports the company’s business operations. It includes data storage, distributing it to users and applications, modifying it as necessary as well as monitoring changes to the data and preventing the data from becoming corrupted due to unexpected failure. It’s a component of a company’s informational infrastructure, which supports decision-making and growth of the company as well as compliance with laws like the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act.

The first database systems were developed in the 1960s by Charles Bachman, IBM and others. They evolved into information management systems (IMS) which enabled the storage and retrieve large amounts of data for a variety of uses, from calculating inventory to supporting complicated financial accounting and human resources functions.

A database consists of a set of tables that arrange data according to some pattern, for example, one-to-many relationships. It utilizes primary keys to identify records and allow cross-references between tables. Each table is comprised of a set of attributes, or fields, that contain information about data entities. Relational models, which were developed by E. F. “TedCodd Codd in the 1970s at IBM as a database, are the most widely used type of database currently. This design is based on normalizing the data, making it simpler to use. It also makes it simpler to update data by avoiding the need to change many sections of the database.

Most DBMSs are able to support different types of databases, offering internal and external levels of organization. The internal level focuses on costs, scalability, and other operational concerns, such as the design of the database’s physical storage. The external level is the representation of the database on user interfaces and applications. It could comprise a combination of different external views (based on different data models) and may also include virtual tables that are constructed from generic data in order to improve performance.

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